Ungalinganisa Kanjani Igeji Yethrekhi Ukuze Ugweme Ukugqokwa Kajantshi Okungavamile|QLRailwayMachine

Ungalinganisa Kanjani Igeji Yethrekhi Ukuze Ugweme Ukugqokwa Kwesitimela Okungavamile

Ukugcina igeji yethrekhi efanele-ibanga phakathi kobuso bangaphakathi bamareyili amabili agijimayo{1}}kuyisici esibalulekile sokuphathwa kwengqalasizinda kaloliwe. Izilinganiso zegeji ezinganembile zingaholela ekuthinteni okungalingani kwamasondo-kajantshi, okuholela ekugugeni kwesitimela okushesha nokungajwayelekile, ukukhuphuka kokungaguquki, izindleko zokulungisa eziphakeme, ngisho nezingozi zokuwohloka. Lesi sihloko sihlola isayensi yokulinganisa i-gauge, imikhuba ehamba phambili yokunemba, nokuthi ukuqoqwa kwedatha okunembe kangakanani kunomthelela-ekusimameni kwezitimela zesikhathi eside.

Isixhumanisi Phakathi Kokunganembile Kwegeji Nokugqokwa Kwesitimela Okungavamile

Ukugqokwa kwesitimela okungajwayelekile{0}}njengokugingqika, ukubola, noma ukuqhekeka ekhoneni le-gauge{1}ngokuvamile kuvela ngenxa yokungaqondani kahle kwejometri yethrekhi. Uma igeji ichezuka ekucacisweni komklamo wayo, amandla asemaceleni emasondweni anda kakhulu. Lokhu kuphoqa ama-flange amasondo ukuthi athintane njalo nobuso begeji yesitimela, okubangela ukuguga ngokweqile kukho kokubili ujantshi kanye nesitoko esiginqikayo.

Umfanekiso 1: Ukusebenzisana-nojantshi wesitimela ngaphansi kwegeji yethrekhi engalungile, ebonisa ukugqokwa okungavamile.

Ngokocwaningo olwenziwe ngabakwaI-Federal Railroad Administration (FRA), ngisho nokuchezuka okungu-3–5 mm ngaphezu kokubekezelelwa okujwayelekile kungakhuphula izinga lokuguga kuze kufike ku-40% ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, ukukalwa kwegeji okungaguquki futhi okunembile akuyona nje inkinga yokuthobela{4}}ukutshalwa kwezimali okuqondile ekuphileni isikhathi eside kwempahla nokuphepha kokusebenza.

I-Standard Track Gauge kanye Nokubekezelela

Nakuba igeji evamile yezitimela eziningi ezihamba phambili ingu-1,435 mm (4 ft 8.5 in), ukubekezelela kuyahlukahluka kuye ngesigaba samathrekhi, isivinini, kanye nendawo. Isibonelo,-imigqa enesivinini esiphezulu idinga ukubekezelela okuqinile (±2 mm), kanti imigqa yezimpahla enesivinini ephansi-ingase ivumele u-±6 mm noma ngaphezulu.

Lawa mazinga, achazwe yi-I-International Union of Railways (UIC), hlinzeka ngohlaka oluqashelwa umhlaba wonke lokulungiswa kwethrekhi. Ukunamathela kulokhu kubekezelelwa kuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nesitoko esigoqayo futhi kunciphisa amandla aguquguqukayo anomthelela ekugugile.

Imikhuba Engcono Kakhulu Yokukala Igeji Enembile

Ukulinganisa okunembile akukhona nje ngethuluzi{0}}kumayelana nendlela yokwenza. Nazi izinqubo ezinhlanu ezibalulekile zokuqinisekisa imiphumela ethembekile:

Umfanekiso 2: Igeji yokulinganisa kanjiniyela esizeni, ebonisa indlela efanele kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi.

1. Sebenzisa isisetshenziswa esilinganisiwe:Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usebenzisa i-mechanical gauge stick noma isistimu yokulinganisa yedijithali, qinisekisa ukuthi wonke amathuluzi abalwa njalo. Ukuchezuka ngisho no-1 mm kudivayisi yokulinganisa kungaholela kumaphutha esistimu kuyo yonke inethiwekhi.
2. Linganisa ku-Standard Height:Igeji kufanele ikalwe ngo-14 mm ngaphansi kwekhanda likaloliwe (ku-56E1 namaphrofayili afanayo), lapho ukunyathela kwesondo kuthintana ngaphansi komthwalo ojwayelekile. Ukulinganisa ezindaweni eziphakeme ezingalungile kungahlanekezela amasondo{4}}okusebenzisana kukaloliwe.
3. Gwema Indawo Engcolile:Ukungcola, amafutha, noma isikali ebusweni begeji likaloliwe kungahlanekezela ukufunda. Hlanza indawo yokulinganisa ngaphambi kokuthatha idatha.
4. Thatha Izifundo Eziningi:Linganisa okungenani amaphoyinti amathathu endaweni eyodwa yokulala bese wenza isilinganiso semiphumela ukuze ubhekane nokungahambi kahle kwendawo.
5. Qopha Izimo Zemvelo:Izinga lokushisa lithinta ukunwetshwa kwesitimela. Ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okunembile, faka izinga lokushisa le-ambient futhi ulungise ukufundwa ngokufanele, ikakhulukazi ezimweni zezulu ezibucayi.

I-Advanced Measurement Technologies

Ngaphandle kwamathuluzi okwenziwa ngesandla, ojantshi besimanje basebenzisa amasistimu azenzakalelayo okuqapha okuqhubekayo kwegeji. Amayunithi okulinganisa angaphakathi (ama-IMU), iphrofayili ye-laser, kanye ne-GPS{1}}ukuloga kwedatha evumelanisiwe kunika amandla{2}}ukuhlolwa kwejometri yethrekhi yesikhathi sangempela ngesivinini somugqa.

Ngokwesibonelo,I-European Union Agency for Railways (ERA)imihlahlandlela incoma ukusetshenziswa kwezimoto ezirekhoda amathrekhi olayini Bekilasi A no-B ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthobelana Nezicaciso Zobuchwepheshe Zokusebenzelana (TSI). Lezi zinhlelo azihlinzeki ngedatha yegeji kuphela kodwa futhi{1}}nezinga eliwela, ukuqondanisa, kanye nezilinganiso ezisontekile, enikeza umbono ophelele wempilo yethrekhi.

Kwa-QLRailwayMachine, sisebenza ngokukhethekile ekuthuthukisweniizixazululo zokulinganisa ithrekhi kaloliweezihlanganisa{0}}izinzwa ezinembayo eziphezulu-nesofthiwe enobungane yomsebenzisi-yokuhlaziya isikhathi sangempela nokubika. Amathuluzi ethu aklanyelwe ukuhlangabezana namazinga omhlaba wonke futhi asekele amasu okulungisa abikezelwayo.

Isiphetho: Ukunemba Njengesu Lokuvimbela

Isilinganiso esinembile sesikali sethrekhi singaphezu komsebenzi ovamile wokuhlola{0}}kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile sokuvimbela ukuguga okungavamile kwezitimela. Ngokunamathela ezinkambisweni ezimisiwe, besebenzisa amathuluzi alinganisiwe, nokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe besimanjemanje, abaqhubi bezitimela banganweba ukuphila kukaloliwe, banciphise imvamisa yokulungisa, futhi bathuthukise ukuphepha.

Ukutshala imali esilinganisweni esinembayo namuhla kuhumusha ukonga izindleko ezibalulekile kanye nokuthembeka kokusebenza kusasa. Njengoba amanethiwekhi kaloliwe ebhekene nezidingo ezikhulayo zokusebenza kahle nokusimama, indima yokuqapha i-geometry yethrekhi izokhula ngokubaluleka kuphela.

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